OPTIMIZED URBAN DRAINAGE NETWORK DESIGN USING GRAPH THEORY AND ARCHIMEDES INSPIRED SEARCH AND RESCUE ALGORITHM

Abstract

Urban drainage systems play a critical role in managing storm water and mitigating flooding in rapidly growing cities. Designing efficient and resilient drainage networks remains a significant challenge due to complex urban topologies, variable rainfall patterns, and increasing surface runoff. Existing design approaches often fall short in optimizing network layouts for cost-effectiveness, flow efficiency, and adaptability to environmental stressors. To address these challenges, this research proposes an optimized urban drainage network design framework that integrates Graph Theory with the Archimedes-Inspired Search and Rescue Optimization (AISRO) Algorithm. Graph Theory is employed to model the urban layout as a network of nodes and edges, enabling the analysis of connectivity, flow paths, and critical junctions. The Archimedes Optimization Algorithm, inspired by buoyancy and equilibrium principles, is adapted for search and rescue optimization to enhance the placement and sizing of drainage components for optimal performance. The main objective of the study is to improve the hydraulic efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and resilience of urban drainage networks. Experimental simulations conducted on benchmark urban layouts demonstrate that the proposed hybrid approach outperforms existing methods in terms of reduced flooding incidents, optimized pipe sizing, and lower construction costs. The results validate the potential of the combined approach to support smart and sustainable urban infrastructure planning.